Caffè latte , commonly known simply as latte, is one of the most popular coffee drinks in the world. It's associated with delicacy, a creamy texture, and a welcoming introduction to coffee. While many simply consider it "coffee with milk," there's much more to latte—from its precise proportions, to the art of frothing milk, to its cultural evolution. Let's take a closer look at this drink and discover why latte is not only the choice of novice coffee drinkers but also a challenge for baristas.

The origin and history of latte

The word " latte " comes from Italian and simply means "milk." However, the drink's full name – caffè latte – is "coffee with milk." In Italy, this drink was mainly consumed at home as a morning coffee, usually with the addition of hot milk and without a layer of milk froth. The latte evolved into the café version that dominates today around the world, primarily in the United States, particularly in the coffeehouses of the 1980s and 1990s.

It was American coffee shops – with the Starbucks chain at the forefront – that contributed to the popularization of the latte as a large shot of espresso with delicately frothed milk, served in cups with a capacity of up to 300–400 ml.

What distinguishes a latte from a cappuccino and a flat white?

Although these three drinks are often confused, the differences between them are clear and affect not only the taste but also the texture and proportions:

• Latte : Typically consists of a single or double shot of espresso (30–60 ml) and a generous amount of milk (approx. 200–300 ml), with a thin layer of microfoam (approx. 1 cm). It is the mildest coffee drink in this group.
  

• Cappuccino : Made with equal parts espresso, milk, and froth (approximately 1/3 of each). It has a more intense flavor and a thicker, more noticeable layer of milk froth.
  

• Flat white : Originating in Australia or New Zealand (the exact origins are disputed), it's based on a double ristretto or espresso with a small amount of steamed milk. It's a more concentrated, coffee-like drink with a very thin layer of microfoam.
  

The key role of milk and its texture

The secret to a successful latte is the milk—not just the type, but also the method of frothing it. Unlike a cappuccino, a latte requires delicate, creamy microfoam that blends perfectly with the coffee, creating a velvety texture.

When frothing, the barista should achieve what's known as wet milk , meaning milk with very fine foam, almost as smooth as silk. Foam that's too stiff will ruin the latte's structure, while milk that's too watery will lose its characteristic consistency.

The type of milk also matters – cow's milk with 3.2% fat is the most common choice, but plant-based alternatives like oat milk or almond milk are gaining popularity. However, it's crucial that they are designed for frothing – not every plant-based milk will produce the desired effect.

Latte art – art in a cup

One of the most recognizable elements of latte in coffee culture is latte art – decorations made on the drink's surface using milk foam. It's not only visually appealing but also a testament to the perfect froth and pouring of the drink.

The most popular designs include the heart, rosette, and tulip, but experienced baristas can create even complex graphics, animals, and portraits. The ability to create latte art demonstrates technical mastery and a keen sense of balance between milk and espresso.

Latte culture around the world

Latte is a global drink – it has taken a slightly different form in each culture. In Scandinavia, it's popular as kaffe latte , often served with flavored syrups. In Asia, especially South Korea and Japan, lattes can be part of aesthetic, minimalist coffee-drinking rituals.

Flavored versions—like vanilla latte , caramel latte , and pumpkin spice latte —are incredibly popular in the U.S. Matcha latte , chai latte , and even turmeric latte are becoming increasingly popular , replacing the classic espresso with other aromatic ingredients.

Is a latte “real” coffee?

Coffee enthusiasts sometimes dismiss lattes with a pinch of salt – as a milk-dominated drink that doesn't offer the full flavor experience. However, this is unfair. A well-prepared latte can bring out the delicacy and sweetness of the coffee, balanced by the creaminess of the milk. It's a great way to begin your specialty coffee adventure, and also an ideal option for afternoon relaxation.

Summary

A latte is more than just milk and coffee. It's a drink with a history, culture, and technique behind every perfectly frothed milk and every cup with a design on its surface. It can be a gateway to the world of coffee or a conscious choice for a connoisseur. Whether you're a beginner or a seasoned espresso drinker, a latte deserves a place in your cup.